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Studies of the microbial communities responsible for the decomposition of poly(?-caprolactone) (PCL), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) and poly(lactide) (PLA), were performed in two Japanese soils Bruce 2024-11-30 044 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:37
Rates of weight loss increased in the order pure PLA (0%/year)?<?starch/PLA (0�C15%/year)?<?starch/PHEE/PLA (4�C50%/year) and increased with increasing starch and PHEE contents. Bruce 2024-11-30 033 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:37
Injection moulded tensile bars composed of native starch (0�C70%), poly( D , L -lactic acid) (95% L) (PLA, 13�C100%) and poly(hydroxyester-ether) (PHEE, 0�C27%) were buried in soil for 1 year in order to study the effects of starch and PHEE on rates of Bruce 2024-11-30 033 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:36
Urayama et al. (2002) found only a 20% decrease in molecular weight of PLA ( L -rich) plates after 20 months in soil Bruce 2024-11-30 054 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:36
No lactic acid was observed during the first year of soil burial. Bruce 2024-11-30 025 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:36
Films of poly( L-lactide) (PLLA) were buried in outdoor environment in south Finland during two years Bruce 2024-11-30 027 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:36
The average degradation rate of PLA films in the soil of banana field was 7675?M (average-weight molecular weight)/week. Bruce 2024-11-30 023 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:35
The average soil temperature and moisture content were 27?��C and 80%, respectively. Bruce 2024-11-30 025 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:35
The degradation of PLA films in Costa Rican soil was investigated by Ho et al. (1999) Bruce 2024-11-30 029 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:35
Long-term behaviour is especially important for agricultural applications where biodegradable polymers are intended to biodegrade preferably in soil. Bruce 2024-11-30 0126 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:35
In real soil environment the temperature usually does not exceed 30?��. Bruce 2024-11-30 045 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:34
For example, Kale et al. (2007) investigated the biodegradation performance of polylactide (PLA) bottles under simulated composting conditions according to ASTM (ASTM, 2003) and ISO (ISO, 2005, ISO, 2007) standards and in real composting conditions Bruce 2024-11-30 023 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:34
It should be noteworthy that most publications report biodegradation studies performed at high temperature, typically about 58?��C Bruce 2024-11-30 024 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:34
Many studies concern biodegradation of PLA in different environments such as aquatic system, solid, compost Bruce 2024-11-30 027 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:34
The primary mechanism of degradation of PLA is hydrolysis, catalyzed by temperature, followed by bacterial attack on the fragmented residues Bruce 2024-11-30 033 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:33
There are no studies available concerning the behaviour of PLA in soil under Mediterranean climatic conditions Bruce 2024-11-30 031 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:33
It is a compostable material, meeting the specifications of international standards (CEN, 2000) Bruce 2024-11-30 036 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:33
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is the first polymer based on renewable raw materials commercialized at a large scale Bruce 2024-11-30 031 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:33
It appears that biobased plastics made from PHAs are completely biodegradable in a wide range of environments �C including soil �C at the end of useful product life, at various rates. Bruce 2024-11-30 023 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:32
Biodegradability of these polymers in soil has been investigated in several works Bruce 2024-11-30 027 Bruce 2024-11-30 17:32
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