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Texture properties of the soil (sand, silt, and clay) were determined using a laser diffraction method (ISO 13320:2020). Bruce 2024-12-1 0117 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:36
The carbon content in soil was determined using the Turin method, the Ca content by the flame photometry, the S by the nephelometric method, and the content of N was determined by Kjeldahl method. Bruce 2024-12-1 0123 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:36
Soil pH was measured according with the Polish standard PN-ISO 10390:1997. Bruce 2024-12-1 0122 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:36
Sample of soil for analysis were collected according with PN-ISO 10381-2:2007. Bruce 2024-12-1 0131 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:36
The weather data (daily air temperature, amount of rainfall and insolation) were collected from the meteorological station (Kolo, Poland N: 52�� 11�� 58.277�� E: 18�� 39�� 33.547��) nearest to the location of the field experiment in Straszkow Bruce 2024-12-1 0129 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:35
After drying the samples were stored in a dry, dark and cool desiccator. Bruce 2024-12-1 0127 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:35
After 3, 6 and 12 months the samples were picked up from the soil, gently cleaned by soft sponge, rinsed with distilled water, then dried at temperature 30 ��C to a constant weight, photographed and weighted to determine the mass loss of the tested mate Bruce 2024-12-1 0124 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:35
The growing plants were pruned occasionally. Bruce 2024-12-1 0132 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:35
The remaining second part of the soil was gently put on top of the samples and their positions were marked on the soil surface. Bruce 2024-12-1 0128 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:35
The test specimens were placed at spacing of about 150 mm between the rows and columns. Bruce 2024-12-1 0129 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:34
Three replicates for each plastic type and timepoint were used. Bruce 2024-12-1 0122 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:34
The samples in the form of a film cut into rectangles (110 mm �� 100 mm) were weighted before being placed in the wire-type cages to protect them from mechanical damage and animal invasions, and thereafter buried in the field soil dug about 10 cm below Bruce 2024-12-1 0135 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:34
Half of the soil was then put back in the dug hole and the soil was mildly leveled. Bruce 2024-12-1 0126 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:34
The sites for the placement of tested material samples which were marked out on the cultivated area were weeded first, and then the soil was removed to the depth of 20 cm and sieved through a wire mesh of 1�C2 cm to remove gravel and plant materials. Bruce 2024-12-1 0121 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:33
Degradation of test materials in soil under natural conditions has been carried out in an agricultural field in Straszkow, Poland (N: 52�� 13�� 29.8194�� E: 18�� 57�� 9.057��) for a period of 12 months (from October 2020 to September 2021). Bruce 2024-12-1 0123 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:33
Before the use in experiments the film samples were stored in dry, dark and cool desiccator. Bruce 2024-12-1 0134 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:33
BPE-SP-PBS (Bio-Plastics Europe - Soft Packaging - PolyButylene Succinate) was provided by NaturePlast SAS (NP, France). Bruce 2024-12-1 0124 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:33
Material market by BPE-AMF-PLA (Bio-Plastics Europe - Agriculture Mulch Film - PolyLactic Acid) was provided by NaturePlast SAS (NP, France), BPE-RP-PLA (Bio-Plastics Europe - Rigid Packaging - PolyLactic Acid) was provided by Arctic Biomaterials OY Ltd. Bruce 2024-12-1 0114 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:32
Abovementioned bio-based plastics have been tested within the Bio-plastics Europe EU Project Bruce 2024-12-1 0130 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:32
The second material (PLA_2) consisted of PLA-based polyester blend (70 %) and mineral filler (30 %) and the third one (PBS_1) being PBS (85�C90 %) blended with a mineral filler (<15 %). Bruce 2024-12-1 0127 Bruce 2024-12-1 07:32
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